Influence of socio-affective factors on quality of life in women diagnosed with fibromyalgia.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a disease that involves chronic pain, with high prevalence in the female population and great impact on the bio-psycho-social sphere of people affected by it. However, few studies have analyzed the possible influence of socio-affective factors on the quality of life of people who suffer from this disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between the impact of this disease on the lives of people with fibromyalgia and these variables. Specifically, we analyzed the quality of partner relationship, perceived loneliness, life satisfaction, and perceived socio-family situation. Method: A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 69 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The participants completed different questionnaires that measured their happiness, satisfaction with life, perceived loneliness, quality of partner relationship, socio-family valuation, and the impact of fibromyalgia. Results: The quality of partner relationship, perceived loneliness and socio-family valuation seem to be good predictors of subjective happiness, life satisfaction, and the impact that fibromyalgia has on people's lives, in the sense that the more positive the valuation of the couple relationship and of the socio-family situation, and the lower the perceived loneliness, people feel happier, more satisfied with their lives and the lower the impact that fibromyalgia has on their lives. Conclusion: The 50% of satisfaction with life can be explained from the scores obtained in perceived loneliness and the quality of partner relationship. In this sense, perceived loneliness was a good predictor of the impact of fibromyalgia on the lives of these patients.

Análisis de la respuesta a la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19 en centros residenciales geriátricos de Andalucía / Analysis of the response to the pandemic caused by COVID-19 in geriatric residential centers in Andalucía

La enfermedad por COVID-19 ha afectado a más de 163 millones de personas alrededor de todo el mundo, azotando con mayor incidencia y gravedad a la población mayor que vivía en residencias para personas mayores. La población mayor ha sido la mayor víctima debido a la edad avanzada, a las enfermedades crónicas y al déficit que presenta su sistema inmunitario, todo esto sumado al riesgo de residir en un centro gerontológico, y supone el 25% del total de decesos por COVID-19 en Andalucía. Objetivo: Conocer los factores que han influido en el ámbito residencial geriátrico para que la situación de pandemia haya tenido efectos más graves sobre los residentes. Metodología: Se ha realizado una investigación cuantitativa, un estudio descriptivo observacional, a través de la realización de cuestionario autoadministrado en 20 residencias de la comunidad autónoma de Andalucía analizando lo sucedido desde el inicio de la emergencia sanitaria hasta el 15 de marzo de 2021. Resultados: Los resultados más destacables mostraron dependencia entre el tipo de aislamiento, los recursos humanos disponibles y el modelo de cuidados utilizado, con la incidencia de la pandemia por COVID 19 y los ingresos hospitalarios de residentes y profesionales. Conclusiones: Se hace visible la necesidad de implementar un modelo de cuidados específico centrado en las necesidades de la persona mayor, contando con los recursos humanos necesarios y con la correcta adecuación del entorno para llevar a cabo, si fuese necesario, distintos tipos de aislamiento (AU)

The COVID-19 disease has affected more than 163 million people around the world, hitting the elderly population that lived in nursing homes with greater incidence and severity. The elderly population has been the greatest victim, due to advanced age, chronic diseases and the deficit of their immune system, added to the risk of residing in a gerontological center, accounting for 25% of all deaths from COVID-19 in Andalusia. Objective: to know the factors that have influenced the geriatric residential environment so that the pandemic situation has had more serious effects on residents. Methodology: A quantitative investigation, descriptive observational study, has been carried out, through the completion of a self-administered questionnaire 20 residences of the autonomous community of Andalusia, analyzing what happened from the beginning of the health emergency until March 15, 2021. Results: The most remarkable results showed Dependence between the type of isolation, the human resources available and the care model used, with the incidence of the COVID 19 pandemic and the hospital admissions of residents and professionals. Conclusions: The need to implement a specific care model focused on the needs of the elderly becomes visible, with the necessary human resources and the correct adaptation of the environment to carry out different types of isolation if necessary (AU)

Personas usuarias del servicio de ayuda a domicilio. Una mirada desde la vulnerabilidad y la fragilidad / Users of the home help service. A view from the vulnerability and frailty

Introducción: El trabajo que se presenta tiene como objetivo profundizar en el conocimiento de la situación de fragilidad y vulnerabilidad de las personas atendidas en su hogar por el Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio en Andalucía (SAD), para mejorar las intervenciones que se realizan y detectar posibles necesidades no cubiertas. Metodología: Se han recogido datos de una muestra representativa de 391 personas mayores a través de un cuestionario elaborado para este estudio. Se han incluido variables sociodemográficas, apoyo familiar, problemas de salud, necesidades atendidas y no atendidas y entorno. Resultados: El perfil de usuario del SAD es mujer, de 81 años, con bajo nivel educativo cuya fuente principal de ingresos es una pensión. Vive con su cónyuge en un domicilio que tiene algunos problemas de accesibilidad y utiliza dispositivos de apoyo para la movilidad. Presenta problemas de salud crónicos y tiene un sentimiento de soledad. Conclusiones: A pesar de que el SAD cubre múltiples necesidades que tienen las personas mayores, se han detectado una serie de lagunas en algunas áreas y necesidades de mejora en la coordinación entre el ámbito sanitario y social

Introduction: The work presented aims to deepen the understanding of the situation of fragility and vulnerability of the person cared for in home help service in Andalusia, to improve interventions carried out and to detect possible needs not covered. Methods: We have collected data from a representative sample of 391 older people through a questionnaire developed for this study. We have included socio-demographic variables, support family, problems of health, served and unmet needs and environment. Results: The user profile of home help service is as follows: woman, 81 years, with low level of education whose main source of income is a pension. She lives with her spouse in a domicile, with some problems of accessibility and she uses assistive mobility devices. She has chronic health problems and has a feeling of loneliness. Conclusions: While the home help service covers a multiple needs of older persons, they have been detected a number of gaps in some areas and needs for improvement in the coordination between the health and social fields

Análisis del conflicto saharaui desde una perspectiva de género / Analysis of the Saharawi conflict from a gender perspective

La contribución de las mujeres a los procesos de paz y a la resolución de conflictos sigue tomando cada vez más peso en el marco de las relaciones internacionales y en los estudios e investigaciones sobre los conflictos armados, aunque su presencia en muchos casos sigue siendo escasa y sin el suficiente reconocimiento internacional. El caso de las mujeres saharauis, que abordamos en este trabajo, nos merece un interés especial como ejemplo de lucha y resistencia pacífica en un conflicto cronificado que asola al pueblo saharaui hace más de 30 años. Si bien, aún su presencia y visibilidad en los procesos de construcción de paz sigue sin el reconocimiento necesario por los Estados y comunidad internacional. Las mujeres saharauis, por su trayectoria en este largo conflicto, están desempeñado un importante papel en el mismo, y en el que están poniendo en valor su capacidad de compromiso, creatividad y resistencia en el proyecto político por la liberación y la independencia del pueblo saharaui

The contribution of women to peace processes and conflict resolution continues to take more and more weight in the context of international relations and in studies and research on armed conflict, although its presence in many cases remains low and without sufficient international recognition. The case of the Sahrawi women we address in this paper is of special interest to us as an example of struggle and pacific in a chronic conflict that devastates the Saharawi people for over 30 years. While even their presence and visibility in peacebuilding processes still need recognition by States and the international community. Sahrawi women for their achievements in this long conflict, are playing an important role, which are placing value on their ability to compromise, creativity and resistance in the political project for the liberation and independence of the Sahrawi people

Sexual and reproductive health beliefs and practices of female immigrants in Spain: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Sexuality and reproduction are two areas that have been dealt with differently over time and across cultures. Immigrant women resident in Spain, are largely of childbearing age and have some specific needs. Female immigrants have specific beliefs and behaviors which may influence how they approach to the Spanish sexual and reproductive health services. There is less visibility of the health problems presented by women immigrants. This article aims to shed light on the sexual and reproductive health beliefs and experiences of female immigrants in a region of southern Spain. METHODS: A descriptive study design with qualitative data collection and analysis methods were used. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews using a semi- structured interview guide that collected information on women's perception and beliefs about their sexual and reproductive health. Thirteen interviews were conducted in 2013 with a multi-ethnic sample of female immigrants, currently all are residing in Andalusia. Interview topics included questions about awareness and beliefs about sexuality and reproduction. Content analysis was used. RESULTS: We have found that female immigrant brings along all of her beliefs, opinions, attitudes and behaviors regarding sexuality, contraceptives, what is "correct" and what is not, etc. The sexual behavior is conditioned by the prevailing social rules of country of origin, and these rules act ambivalently. In general, knowledge of contraceptive methods was big, but there were perceptions that reproductive health was woman's domain, due to gender norms and traditional family planning geared exclusively towards women. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that women's behavior is influenced by the precepts of their origin societies. Therefore, sexual and reproductive health processes should be adapted and incorporated into our society, with special attention being paid to the immigrant population.

La explotación sexual comercial infantil en la ciudad de Bucaramanga: análisis y propuestas de intervención socio-sanitaria / The sexual exploitation of children in the city of Bucaramanga: analysis and proposals for social and health care intervention

Objetivo: Fortalecer la oferta institucional para la prevención y atención de la problemática de la explotación sexual comercial infantil en la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Método: Se realizó una investigación bajo una perspectiva cualitativa con un enfoque de investigación acción y muestreo intencional: 6 grupos focales y 10 entrevistas en profundidad con diferentes actores implicados en la explotación sexual comercial infantil. Resultados: La percepción de la explotación sexual comercial infantil como una forma de trabajo por parte de las víctimas dificulta el reconocimiento de la situación como una violación de derechos humanos. La educación, la salud sexual y reproductiva y la protección desde sectores institucionales, son las mayores debilidades en las que hay que incidir para la prevención y atención de la problemática. Conclusiones: El entorno de pobreza junto con la cultura patriarcal androcéntrica, favorecen la explotación sexual comercial infantil en la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Es necesario priorizar en su agenda pública recursos para la atención y prevención de la explotación sexual comercial infantil poniendo énfasis en la dimensión social y de salud de la misma (AU)

Objective: To strengthen the institutional offer for the prevention and treatment of the problem of sexual exploitation of children in the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia). Method: We performed a qualitative research under an action research approach and a purposive sampling: 6 focus groups and 10 in-depth interviews with different actors involved in children commercial sexual exploitation. Results: The perception of sexual exploitation of children as a form of work on the part of the victims makes difficult to recognize the situation as a human rights violation. Education, sexual and reproductive health, and protection from institutional sectors are the major weaknesses that would need to face it for the prevention and care of the problem. Conclusion: The poverty environment together with androcentric patriarchal culture, promote the sexual exploitation of children in the city of Bucaramanga. It need prioritize in public agenda to resources for care and prevention of sexual exploitation of children by emphasizing the social and health dimensions (AU)

Las experiencias de las personas mayores que viven en hogares para ancianos: la teoría de las "diadas de intercambio" / The Experiences of Older People Living in Nursing Homes: the Theory of "Exchange Dyads" / As experiências das pessoas idosas que vivem em casas de repousos: a teoria das "trocas diádicas"

Objetivo: estudiar las experiencias vitales y el proceso de adaptación social de las personas mayores que viven en hogares para ancianos. Metodología: estudio cualitativo basado en los procedimientos propios de la teoría fundamentada. El emplazamiento han sido los 6 hogares para ancianos de la comarca de la campiña sur de Córdoba, en el sur de España. Los participantes han sido 16 residentes de estos centros. La recogida de información se ha realizado a través de entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados: la categoría central que emerge de los datos se ha denominado teoría de las "díadas de intercambio": en el seno de los hogares para ancianos se establece una situación de intercambio, en la que la persona mayor cede la totalidad o parte de una serie de cualidades, obteniendo a cambio otras que son características de este tipo de instituciones. Estas cualidades que se intercambian pueden organizarse en forma de díadas, siendo la principal la cesión del poder de decisión, a cambio de la obtención de unas condiciones más óptimas de seguridad, díada a través de la cual, incluso, se puede explicar el proceso de ingreso en la institución.

Objective: To study the life experiences and the process of social adaptation of older people living in nursing homes. Method: A qualitative study based on the procedures of grounded theory. The locations were in the 6 nursing homes in a region of the countryside of Cordoba in southern Spain. The participants were 16 residents of these centers. The collection of information has been carried through in-depth interviews. Results: The main category emerging from the data is called "Exchange Dyads Theory": within nursing homes an exchange situation is established. In this one, the older person yields all or part of a series of qualities, obtaining in return other qualities that are typical of this kind of institution. These qualities that are exchanged can be organize in the form of dyads, being the most important the assignment of decision-making power for obtaining a more optimal safety conditions, dyad through which even can explain the process of admission to the institution.

Objetivo: estudar as experiências vitais e o processo de adaptação social das pessoas idosas que vivem em casas de repouso. Método: estudo qualitativo baseado nos procedimentos próprios da teoria fundamentada. Foram escolhidas seis casas de repouso da comarca da campina sul de Córdoba, no sul da Espanha. Os participantes foram 16 residentes desses centros. A coleta de informação se realizou por meio de entrevistas em profundidade. Resultados: a categoria central que emerge dos dados se denominou Teoria das "Trocas Diádicas": no seio das casas de repouso, estabelece-se uma situação de intercâmbio, na qual a pessoa idosa cede a totalidade ou parte de uma série de qualidades, obtendo em troca outras que são características desse tipo de instituições. Essas qualidades que se intercambiam podem se organizar em forma de díadas, sendo a principal cessão do poder de decisão, em troca da obtenção de umas condições melhores de segurança, díada pela qual, inclusive, pode-se explicar o processo de ingresso na instituição.

Relación del cuidado que demandan las personas mayores en hogares para ancianos: metaestudio cualitativo / The Care Relationship Required by Seniors in Nursing Homes: A Qualitative Meta-study / Relação do cuidado que exigem as pessoas mais velhas em lares para anciãos

Objetivo: describir que tipo de cuidados y de interacción humana demandan de sus enfermeras las personas mayores que viven en un hogar para ancianos, a partir de la síntesis y el reanálisis de los datos proporcionados por una serie de estudios primarios que han abordado la experiencia de vivir en un hogar para ancianos. Antecedentes: los estudios de tipo cualitativo que han tratado el tema de las experiencias vitales en un hogar para ancianos se han centrado en aspectos como la vida diaria, la calidad de vida, las experiencias de sufrimiento, los cuidados recibidos, la proximidad de la muerte y las relaciones personales. Materiales y métodos: metaestudio cualitativo de tipo análisis de metadatos. Las bases de datos empleadas han sido: ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS y CUIDEN PLUS. Se han seleccionado 29 estudios. Resultados: las categorías centrales emergentes de los datos han sido: las cualidades personales demandadas al personal cuidador, las intervenciones cuidadoras, la relación personal con los cuidadores y la influencia de la relación persona mayor-cuidador en otros aspectos. Conclusión: con este trabajo hemos pretendido sintetizar las evidencias proporcionadas por una serie de investigaciones primarias tratando de proporcionar un nivel de conocimientos mayor sobre las necesidades de atención de las personas residentes en un hogar para ancianos, siempre a partir de los testimonios, las experiencias y las vivencias de los protagonistas.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to describe the type of care and human interaction required from nurses by elderly persons living in a nursing home, based on a synthesis and reanalysis of data from a number of primary studies on the experience of living in such a facility. Background: Qualitative studies on the experience of living in a nursing home have focused on aspects such as daily life, quality of life, experiences of suffering, the care received, proximity to death and personal relationships. Materials and methods: This is a qualitative meta-study based on meta-data-analysis. ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS and CUIDEN PLUS were the databases used. Twenty-nine (29) studies were selected. Results: The emerging central data categories were: the personal qualities required of the care-giving staff, the care and attention provided, the personal relationship with caregivers, and the influence the elderly person-caregiver relationship has on other aspects. Conclusion: In synthesizing evidence from by a number of primary studies, this research attempts to provide a higher level of knowledge about the care needs of residents in a nursing home, based invariably on the testimonies, episodes and life experiences of the protagonists.

Objetivo: descrever que tipo de cuidados e de interação humana as pessoas idosas que moram em um lar para anciãos exigem de suas enfermeiras, a partir da síntese e da reanálise dos dados proporcionados por uma série de estudos primários que abordam a experiência de morar em um lar para anciãos. Antecedentes: os estudos de tipo qualitativo que tratam o tema das experiências vitais em um lar para anciãos se centram em aspectos como a vida diária, a qualidade de vida, as experiências de sofrimento, os cuidados recebidos, a proximidade da morte e as relações pessoais. Materiais e métodos: metaestudo qualitativo de tipo análise de metadados. As bases de dados empregadas foram: ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS e CUIDEN PLUS. Foram selecionados 29 estudos. Resultados: as categorias centrais emergentes dos dados foram: as qualidades pessoais exigidas do pessoal cuidador, as intervenções cuidadoras, a relação pessoal com os cuidadores e a influência da relação pessoa idosa-cuidador em outros aspectos. Conclusão: com este trabalho pretendemos sintetizar as evidências proporcionadas por uma série de pesquisas primárias tentando proporcionar um nível de conhecimentos maior sobre as necessidades de atendimento das pessoas residentes em um lar para anciãos, sempre a partir dos testemunhos, das experiências e das vivências dos protagonistas.

El abordaje de la salud sexual y reproductiva en mujeres inmigrantes desde un enfoque de género / A abordagem da saúde sexual e reprodutiva em mulheres imigrantes na perspectiva de gênero / The approach to sexual and reproductive health in immigrant women from a gender perspective

En los últimos años se ha producido un importante incremento de la población inmigrante residente en España. Y si en los inicios del fenómeno migratorio emigraban hombres solos, en la actualidad está aumentando el número de mujeres que emigran, bien como consecuencia de la reagrupación familiar o con proyectos migratorios propios. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, mediante una revisión de la bibliografía publicada, cuáles son los factores que inciden en la salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres inmigrantes y cuáles son las principales barreras que tienen en el acceso normalizado a los servicios sanitarios. Como conclusión podemos destacar que en los estudios realizados se ha puesto de manifiesto que existen una serie de factores que inciden en la salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres inmigrantes y que hay un menor uso de los servicios sanitarios por parte de éstas, ya que existen múltiples barreras que impiden una integración normalizada en el sistema sanitario público (AU)

Nos últimos anos tem-se observado importante implemento da população imigrante residente na Espanha. E se no início este era um fenômeno em que os homens emigravam, na atualidade está aumentando o número de mulheres que emigram, bem como a consequência da reagrupação familiar ou com projetos migratórios próprios. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar, mediante uma revisão da bibliogra a publicada, quais são os fatores que incidem na saúde sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres imigrantes e quais são as principais barreiras que têm no acesso aos serviços de saúde. Como conclusão, podemos destacar que nos estudos realizados destaca-se uma série de fatores que interferem na saúde sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres nesta condição e que têm menor utilização dos serviços de saúde, já que existem múltiplas barreiras que impedem uma integração normalizada no sistema de saúde público (AU)

In recent years there has occurred a significant increase in the immigrant population resident in Spain. And if at the beginning of phenomenon of migration they emigrated alone men, nowadays a growing number of women are migrating, or as result of family reunification, or as migration projects of themselves. is work aims to analyze, through a review of published literature, what are the factors that affect the sexual and reproductive health of immigrant women and what are the main barriers that they have on standardized access to the health services. In conclusion we can highlight that previous studies have shown that there are a number of factors that influence the sexual and reproductive health of female immigrants and that there is less use of health services for these, since there are multiple barriers that obstruct a normal integration in the public health system (AU)

Todos contra la mutilación genital femenina / Everybody against female genital mutilation

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